【摘要】 坡面径流小区流量观测是坡地水土流失状况研究的重要内容。该文提出了一种新型的含沙水流流量自动观测方法和测量系统。通过受力分析和水力推导,得到了无含沙水流流量测定计算模型和含沙水流流量校正公式。模型验证和参数标定的试验结果表明:无含沙水流的拉力输出值和流量之间的关系与推导得到的水力学模型非常吻合,决定系数可以达到0.99。含沙水流流量通过校正可以得到精度很高的观测结果,与人工观测平均相对误差仅为0.4%。因此,该含沙水流自动测量系统具有很好的可靠性和观测精度,有一定的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 For erosion and hillslope surface/subsurface hydrology studies,the measurement of flow rate from runoff plots is very important.In this study,a new method capable of taking automatic measurements of sediment laden runoff flow rates was advanced.Hydraulic analysis was theoretically reasoned to formulate a function for the calibration of the sensor for clear water flow.Functional relationship was advanced for readjustment of the runoff flow rates for sediment-laden water.The calibration experiments indicated that the hydraulic relationship between the flow rate of clear water and the pulling force outputs well correlated the data sets,and the readjustment function of flow rate produces high accurate measurements.This high accuracy and reliability system should be used widely.更多还原