【摘要】 文章论述涉及:(1)我国水稻育种的历史演变和重大贡献,当前水稻育种面临因人口增长,社会经济及自然资源变化引起的严峻挑战,提出实现我国水稻育种新飞跃的内容和目标设想;(2)世界主要产稻国和地区超高产育种涉及的观念和内涵,“超级稻”称谓容易误导和误解;(3)我国水稻生产和品种选育的两条基本途径:建设高产稳产稻田,选育增产潜力大的超高产品种,改造中低产稻田,推广适应性强的高产品种;重视生态条件特异稻区的高产品种选育;(4)概述了遗传学研究发展与水稻育种发展前景的关系,强调经典遗传学理论及其指导下的育种方法和技术与生物技术相结合,在继续改良栽培稻种中的主导作用;呼吁我国新一代水稻育种学家关心遗传学的发展,提高自身的理论修养,发扬谦虚务实的传统高尚风貌,为发展水稻育种科学多作贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 Views and comments concerning the rice high-yielding breeding in China had been touched upon:(1)Historical development of rice breeding in China and its prominent contributions recounted;current challenges evolved from rapid population increase,erosion of key natural resourses and sociaeconomic changes envisaged.(2)Concept of extra high-yielding rice breeding and related ideas embraced nowaday in the main rice-producing countries assessed;the conception of so-called superrice adopted in China could have misled and misunderstood,no substantial genetical differences could be affirmed yet between superrice and modern high-yielding rice.(3)Two strategical approaches of rice production and breeding in China would have been persistent construction of most favorable-to-growth rice fields planted to rice varieties with high-yielding potentiality as well as renovation and rejuvenation of less favoarable rice fields planted to most adaptable-to-ecoenvironment varieties with promising productivity;in addition,breeding for rice varieties compatible with the specific rice regions ridden by adverse ecoenvironments.(4)Overview of the relationship between the development of genetical researches and the perspective of rice breeding;integration of the classical genetical principles and breeding methods and techniques wherefrom with modern biotechniques be underscored.Finally,appeal to rice breeders to adhere due attentions to the development of genetics and promote pragmatism and traditional ethic solemnly so as to live up to implementing the national breeding mandates.更多还原