【摘要】 利用1、2、4、8 mg.L-1平阳霉素(PYM)对小菊品种意大利红离体培养的叶片和茎段进行诱变处理。结果表明,PYM对叶片和茎段愈伤组织的诱导和分化具有明显的抑制作用,随着PYM质量浓度的增加,愈伤组织的诱导和分化均呈明显的下降趋势。对茎段外植体经不同质量浓度PYM处理后的M1代,进行田间主要观赏性状观察和统计分析,发现诱变后代与对照相比,平均株高、冠幅、节间长度和叶片长/宽均减小,花径增大,管状花数目和舌状花数目增加。诱变后代中还出现了叶色、叶型、花色以及花型变异的植株。随着PYM质量浓度由低到高,花型的变异率分别为0、2.5%、3.3%和1.2%,花型多为舌状花向下翻卷,或舌状花前端变尖;花色的变异率分别为0、4.9%、8.2%和1.2%,花色均往浅色方向变异。PYM最适的诱变质量浓度为2~4 mg.L-1。更多还原

【Abstract】 Leaves and stem segments,which were from in vitro cultural plantlets of Dendranthema×grandiflorum’Italy Red’with small inflorescence and as explants,were treated by Pingyangmycin（PYM）with different concentrations of 1,2,4,8（mg·）L^-1.The results showed that PYM could dramatically inhibit callus induction and differentiation of explants.With the increasing of PYM concentration,both the callus induction rate and differentiation rate decreased.An observation was made on some characters of M₁ plants regenerated from stem explants treated by PYM.The result showed that the average height,crown diameter,internode length and ratio of leaf length and width of the M₁ generation decreased as compared to untreated ones.Whereas,flower diameter,number of tubular and ray florets all increased after PYM treatment.In addition,variations of flower color,flower type,leaf color and leaf type were also observed in M₁ generation.With the increasing of PYM concentration from 1 to 8 mg·L^-1,the ratio of variation in flower type,e.g.downwards extend or sharp tip of ray florets,was 0,2.5%,3.3% and 1.2%,respectively.The ratio of variation in flower color,i.e.turning pale,was 0,4.9%,8.2% and 1.2%,respectively.It can be concluded that the optimal induction concentrations of PYM are 2 to 4 mg·L^-1 for mutagenesis of D.×grandiflorum’Italy Red’.更多还原