【摘要】 陀螺经纬仪常用于测定井下或地面待定边的坐标方位角.主要分析了在陀螺方位角测量中,影响坐标方位角计算的2个因素——子午线收敛角和垂线偏差.根据赫里斯托夫子午线收敛角γ计算公式和常用近似公式,计算了不同纬度的γ值,对比分析得到:随着经差l的增大,近似公式计算误差相应增大,l=0.5°时计算精度可达0.01″~0.1,″此外给出了γ较差计算公式,并分析得到经差l小于1°时,公式计算精度可达0.001.″根据GPS法测量高程原理导出了垂线偏差计算公式,并结合某试验网数据分析得到垂线偏差最大值一般小于20,″这和理论上的结论较吻合.更多还原

【Abstract】 Gyro theodolite is commonly used in the determination of the coordinate azimuth of underground or on the ground.Two factors which have impact on calculations between gyro azimuth and coordinate azimuth were analyzed,they are meridian constringent angle and deflection of the vertical.γ′s value of different latitudes can be calculated according to formula given by Hristov to calculate approximate true value of meridian constringent angler and commonly used approximate calculation formula.By comparative analysis,with increase of l,the error of the approximate formula increases.When l′s value is 0.5,calculation precision of formula can reach 0.01″～0.1″.The error corrective formula was presented,using it when longitude residual is less than 1°,calculation precision of formula can reach 0.001″.Formula of deflection of the vertical was derived according to GPS height measurement principles.Combinating with testing network data,the maximum value of deflection of the vertical is usually less than 20″.It is matched with theoretical conclusion.更多还原