【摘要】 采用田间现场采样及室内样品分析测试方法,重点探讨了天津污灌区小麦各器官的重金属含量,以及土壤重金属含量、土壤质地、土壤盐度、土壤有机质等对小麦中重金属含量的影响。结果表明,小麦各器官对Cd、Cu、Pb的富集程度均较高,籽实中Cd的含量超过国家食品安全标准,受到污染。小麦不同部位对重金属的富集能力不同,小麦根对重金属的富集能力依次为Cd>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr;小麦的茎和叶对重金属元素的富集能力依次为Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr;小麦籽实对重金属的富集能力依次为Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni。土壤重金属含量、pH值、有机质、全盐和土壤质地与小麦中重金属元素含量的相互作用关系复杂,小麦籽实中Cd的含量与土壤中Cd的含量相关性较好;Zn和Ni的富集系数与土壤pH值的相关系数最大;小麦中的重金属与土壤有机质呈负相关,Cu与有机质的相关性最好,Cd、Pb次之;土壤种类和土壤质地对小麦籽实重金属的富集有一定影响,小麦中的重金属与砂质潮土、壤质潮土相关性较好,与粘质潮土相关性较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study on absorption to heavy metals by wheat in sewage-irrigated soil in Tianjin Area indicated that Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni were distinctly cumulated in wheat, and the contents of Cd in ears of wheat were higher than the national edible health standard, while the other elements were less than the national edible health standard. The cumulated capacity of heavy metals in different apparatus of wheat were different, with the order in roots of wheat being Cd>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr, the order in stocks and leaves of wheat Cd>C>Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr, and the order in ears Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni. The influences of relative features of soils on the contents of heavy metals in wheat were complex. There existed significant correlation between Cd content in wheat ears and that in soil, while, the cumulated capacity of Zn and Ni in wheat ears related to the pH values of soil. There were negative correlations between organic materials in soil and the contents of heavy metals in wheat ears. The types and quality of soils could influence the absorption to heavy metals by wheat ears to some extent.更多还原