【摘要】 以怀槐的心材和树皮为原料,用乙醚、氯仿、丙酮、甲醇和水5种溶剂对其进行浸提,得到10种提取物。这10种提取物对白腐菌和褐腐菌的抑菌性能研究表明,怀槐心材的甲醇和丙酮提取物的抑菌性能良好。将心材的甲醇提取物和无机木材防腐剂酸性铬酸铜(ACC)用于对木材的室内防腐实验,根据腐朽后试样的失重率和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的照片观测,得出甲醇提取物对白腐菌的防腐作用较好,对褐腐菌的防腐作用很弱,而ACC对两种菌的防腐作用较强。将心材甲醇提取物和ACC用于对斑马鱼的急性毒性试验,测得两者在24、48和72 h的半致死浓度,甲醇提取物分别为16.5、12.7、12.0 mg/L,ACC分别为3.2、2.5、2.0 mg/L;两者的安全质量浓度分别为2.26和0.46 mg/L。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heartwood and bark of Maackia amurensis Rupr.et.Maxim.were used as raw material to obtain 10 kinds of extracts by extracting with ether,chloroform,acetone,methanol and water,respectively.Antibacterial activities against Coriolus versicolor and Gloeophyllum trabeum of 10 kinds of extracts were studied,It was found that methanol and acetone extracts of heartwood have good antibacterial activities.Wood preservation activities of methanol extract of heartwood was also compared with the wood preservative acid copper chromate(ACC) in lab.Weight loss and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) photography showed that methanol extract of heartwood has better decay resistance against C.versicolo,weaker decay resistance against G.trabeum,but ACC has better decay resistance against two epiphytes.The acute toxicities of methanol extract of heartwood and ACC to Brachydanio rerio were studied.At 24,48 and 72 h,LC50 of methanol extract were 16.5,12.7,12.0 mg/L respectively,LC50 of ACC were 3.2,2.5,2.0 mg/L respectively.The safety concentrations of methanol extract and ACC are 2.26 and 0.46 mg/L respectively.更多还原