【摘要】 目的:了解小儿先天性外耳畸形的临床听力学特点。方法:将110例先天性外耳畸形患儿分为耳廓畸形加外耳道完全闭锁畸形(闭锁组),耳廓畸形加外耳道狭窄(狭窄组)和仅耳廓畸形,外耳道及鼓膜正常(仅耳廓畸形组)3组。患侧耳和健侧耳均进行听性脑干诱发电位(ABR)测试,健侧耳及外耳道狭窄的患儿还进行畸变产物耳声发射和鼓室导抗测试。结果:闭锁组94例(101耳)中,79耳(78.22%)ABR表现为重度异常;健侧87耳中,8耳(9.20%)ABR表现为中、重度异常。狭窄组8例(8耳)中,5耳(62.50%)ABR表现为重度异常;对侧健耳中ABR未出现中、重度异常。仅耳廓畸形组8例(9耳)中,4耳(44.44%)ABR表现为重度异常;对侧健耳中ABR未出现中、重度异常。结论:先天性外耳畸形是导致小儿听力障碍的重要影响因素,并存在听觉神经损害。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the clinical and audiological characteristics of children with congenital malformations of the external ear.Method:One hundred and ten patients with congenital malformations of the external ear ranged from 2002 to 2006 were involved in this study. The mean age was one year and four months. The children were divided into three groups according to the appearance of the external ear. The first group consisted of 94 patients with auricle malformation and atresia of the external auditory meatus. The second group consisted of 8 patients with abnormal external auditory meatus (no atresia) and auricle malformation. The other 8 patients only with auricle malformation were included in the third group. All children underwent ABR tests, while some of these children accepted DPOAE and Acoustic-immittance measurements.Result:①Severe abnormal results of ABR were observed in 79 abnormal ears (78.22%) in children of first group, while moderate or severe abnormal results of ABR were observed only in 8 opposite side ears (normal ears). ②Sixty-two and a half percent (5 ears) of ears of the second group (8 ears) had severely abnormal ABR results. ③ Severe abnormal ABR results occurred in 44.44 percent (4 ears) of ears of the third group (9 ears). Moderate or severe abnormal results of ABR were not observed in the opposite side ears (normal ears) in second and third groups.Conclusion:Congenital malformations of the external ear is an important factor affecting children’s hearing. Auditory nerve impairment can be observed in children with congenital malformations of the external ear.更多还原