【摘要】 定性分析了技术进步、经济结构和能源价格对能源消费和能源效率的影响,在此基础上确立了能源效率的表达模型,提出了R&D知识存量测度方法,并测算出了美国1957-2004年的R&D知识存量。选取美国1980-2004年的能源生产率、R&D知识技术存量、第三产业比重以及石油价格等变量的时间序列作为样本数据,通过回归分析看出美国结构变化对能源效率的影响最为显著,经Granger因果关系检验,发现以上三因素均为能源效率的原因,而且技术进步与能源效率之间存在双向因果关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Firstly, this paper analyzes the influence of technology progress, economic structure and energy price to energy consumption and energy efficiency, and then establishes the foundation of energy efficiency, puts forward the measure method of R&D knowledge stock and survey R&D knowledge of American from 1957 to 2004. Then, take the time series of US energy productivity, R&D knowledge technology stock, tertiary industry proportion and petroleum price from 1980 to 2004 as the sample data, the regression analysis indicates the US structural change to be most remarkable to the energy efficiency influence. And the Granger causal relation examination shows that the above factors are the reasons for the energy efficiency, moreover there is the bidirectional causal relation between technology progress and energy efficiency.更多还原