【摘要】 目的通过成人女性尸体阴部神经的解剖,为临床会阴部手术提供阴部神经的解剖学基础.方法对20具成人女性尸体(盆腔、臀部、会阴结构完整标本)进行左右侧盆腔、阴部管、坐骨直肠窝等部位的大体解剖,观察阴部神经的组成、走行、毗邻、分支及其分布范围.结果阴部神经由S2-4腹侧根混合后组成,在坐骨棘水平发出肛门支,主干向前内走行,依次发出阴蒂背神经和会阴神经.会阴神经发出阴唇后神经、肌支、尿道支;阴蒂背神经管理阴蒂处皮肤,少数还同时发出分支分布尿道.在阴部管及坐骨直肠窝,阴部神经的毗邻不同.结论阴部神经的会阴区应用解剖对有关的临床手术有指导意义.更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the applied perineal anatomy of the pudendal nerve of female and its direction to perineal operation.Methods The gross anatomy were done on 20 female cadaver（ensuring the pelvic,the hip and the perineum were intact）.In each cadaver,the dissection proceeded from intrapelvic,the pudendal canal（Alcock’canal） and the ischiorectal fossa.The composition,track,abut,ramus and domination area of female pudendal nerve were examined.Results The gross anatomy showed that the pudendal nerve was composed of the ventro-branches of sacral nerve 2⁴（S₂^S₄）.The pudendal nerve sends off anal branch at level of the ischial spine.And the trunk courses in the internal pudendal canal forwardly and inwardly send off the perineal nerves and dorsal nerve of clitoris.The perineal nerves sends off branches to back lunar labium,muscle and urethra.The dorsal nerve of clitoris sends off the nerve to skin of clitoris,and some to the urethra simultaneously.The pudendal nerve has different abut in different anatomical position.Conclusions The perineal anatomy of the pudendal nerve has the meaningful direction to the perineal operations.更多还原