【摘要】 [目的]调查分析养路工人矽肺发病情况和特征,制定相应的防治措施。[方法]对养路工人进行25年的跟踪调查分析。[结果]共体检6 041人次,检出矽肺患者71人。男性患病率13.9%(70/504),女性0.6%(1/173);Ⅰ期56人,Ⅱ期15人,Ⅰ期转为Ⅱ期经9.1±4.1年;病死率16.9%(12/71)。矽肺肺结核合并率7.0%(5/71);养路工矽肺患病率高发与砂土路接尘有关(作业场所矽尘浓度为0.30~120 mg/m3)。[结论]根据当前路况,养路工作业场所需采取除尘、降尘、个人防护和健康教育等综合性防治措施,以降低矽肺患病率。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To investigate and analyze silicosis prevalence and characteristics of road menders for the disease control and prevention.[Methods] The results of following-up investigation for 25 years were analyzed.[Results] Physical examination for 6 041 road menders was carried out and 71 cases of silicosis were found out.The prevalence in male was 13.9%(70/504) and 0.6%(1/173) in female.There were 56 cases for phase-Ⅰ and 15 for phase-Ⅱ.The years of phase-Ⅰ changed to phase-Ⅱ were 9.1±4.1.The fatality rate was 16.9%(12/71).The complication rate of tuberculosis was 7.0%(5/71).The high prevalence of silicosis was related with working on road with light soil dust(the dust concentration was 0.30120 mg/m~3).[Conclusion] Because of high dust concentration level of road in recent period,disease control and prevention measures,such as dust reducing,individual protection and health education,should be taken for road menders.更多还原