【摘要】 针对杭州典型城市功能区的代表性浅层地下水样品进行了7种卤代烃、7种苯系物、16种多环芳烃和14种有机氯农药共44种有机污染物的定量分析,研究了浅层地下水中有机污染物的分布特征,并参照检出限和饮用水标准值,采用污染指数法和环境影响度评价方法,对浅层地下水的有机污染及其风险进行了初步评价,同时探讨了其来源。结果表明:杭州市浅层地下水中除四氯化碳外,其他卤代烃包括:1,1二氯乙烯、三氯甲烷、三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯和三溴甲烷都有检出;普遍检出多环芳烃是亚二苊氢、蒽、萘、二苊氢、菲、苯并(a)蒽、苯并(b)荧蒽和芘;有机氯农药是p,p’-DDT,其次为α-六六六、γ-六六六、δ-六六六、七氯环氧、p,p’-DDE和p,p’-DDD。杭州市浅层地下水普遍受到了卤代烃、多环芳烃和有机氯农药的轻度污染,七氯环氧和P,P’-DDT甚至达到中度污染水平。农业区、工业区和垃圾场的浅层地下水有机污染,特别是七氯环氧和三氯乙烷,已显示出明显的潜在危害作用,具有一定的健康风险。根据地球化学参数和浅层地下水环境背景推测有机污染物主要来源于化肥农药的施用、各种类型的工矿企业"三废"的排放和垃圾填埋场渗滤液。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the quantitative analyses of 44 species organic pollutants,including 7 species chlorinated solvents,7 species benzenes,16 species polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and 14 species organ chlorine pesticides in the representative surficial groundwater samples collected from the typical functional districts of Hangzhou city,the distributing characteristics of these compounds were studied.The organic pollution and its risk of the surgical groundwater in Hangzhou city were assessed by the Pollution Index Method and Ambient Severity(AS) with reference to minus detected limit and the Drinking Water Standard of China,WHO and U.S.EPA.The results show that 1,1 dichloroethylene,dichloromethane,dichloromethane,trichloroethylene,tetrachloroethylene and tribromomethane of chlorinated solvents,acenaphthene,anthracene,naphthalene,acenaphthylene,phenanthrene,benz\anthracite,benzo(b)fluoranthene and pyrene of PAHs,p,p’-DDT,α-BHC,γ-BHC,δ-BHC,heptachloyepoxide,p,p’-DDE and p,p’-DDD of organ chlorine pesticides are mostly found.Therefore the surficial groundwater in Hangzhou city mostly is polluted in light degree,and in medium degree by heptachloyepoxide and p,p’-DDT.The organic pollution for the surficial groundwater in agriculture zone,industrial centre and waster landfill,especially heptachloyepoxide and trichloroethane,displayed obvious potential harm.Depending on the geochemistry parameters of the organic pollutants and the environmental setting of the surficial groundwater,the fertilizer and pesticides,various types industrial production and waste landfill may be considered as the dominating sources of the organic pollutants in Hangzhou city.更多还原