【摘要】 采用8个杂交稻不育系和12个杂交早稻恢复系(品种),通过不完全双列杂交,配制了96个不同杂交早稻组合,研究了杂交早稻亲本及所配杂交早稻组合12个米质性状的配合力效应.结果表明:杂交早稻的米质性状均存在极显著的组合间遗传差异.杂交早稻亲本的12个米质性状的一般配合力除米粒长、长/宽、糊化温度和蛋白质含量亲本间差异较小外,其余米质性状一般配合力的亲本间差异较大.杂交早稻亲本米质性状的一般配合力与其表型值之间的两两相关除糙米率、精米率和整精米率表现为负相关外,其余9个米质性状之间均表现为两两正相关;杂交早稻各双亲本米质性状的一般配合力之和与其F1表型值之间均表现为两两正相关.杂交早稻亲本12个米质性状的特殊配合力(SCA)方差差异除垩白粒率和胶稠度外均较大,各杂交早稻组合米粒长、长/宽和蛋白质含量的SCA差异较小,垩白粒率和胶稠度的SCA差异较大,其余米质性状的SCA差异居中.杂交早稻各米质性状的SCA效应值与其竞争优势之间均呈两两极显著的正相关.根据杂交稻亲本各米质性状配合力分析结果,认为株1S与T98A为目前较好的优质不育系,早恢1号和早500为较好的优质恢复系.更多还原

【Abstract】 By crossing 8 hybrid rice sterile lines with 12 early hybrid rice restorer lines(cultivars) through incomplete diallel cross(NC Ⅱ)desig n,96 combinations of early hybrid rice were obtained.Their combining ability reflected by 12 quality characters in their combinations and their parents were analysed.The results showed that there were very significant hereditary differences in quality characters of early hybrid rice.Significant differences existed in general combining ability(GCA) among 12 quality characters between parents,except in grain length,length/width,gelatinization temperature and protein content.The correlations between parents GCA in quality characters and their phenotypic values in early hybrid rice are all positive,except in brown rice recovery,milled rice recovery and head rice recovery.The correlations between the sum of GCA in quality characters of two parents and their F1 phenotypic values in early hybrid rice are all positive,The differences of special combining ability(SCA) variance in 12 quality characters are all significant,except in chalky rice percentage and gel consistency.The SCA differences of grain length and length/width and protein content are smaller,while the SCA differences in chalky rice percentage and gel consistency are largert,he SCA differences of other quality characters of early hybrid rices are placed in the middle.The correlations between SCA of quality characters in early hybrid rice and their heterosis are significantly positive.According to analysis of parents combining ability,Zhu 1 S and T98A are the first best hybrid rice sterile lines of good quality at present,Zaohui 1 hao and Zao 500 are the second best early hybrid rice restorer lines of good quality.更多还原