【摘要】 以碱性棉短绒纤维素为原料、3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为醚化剂,合成了季铵盐阳离子纤维素醚,对NaOH与醚化剂的摩尔比、醚化反应温度、时间等因素对合成产物的影响进行了分析,并采用红外光谱对产物的结构进行了鉴定.实验发现:在25℃下,经30%的NaOH溶液处理1 h的纤维素保水值高,反应性能良好;在异丙醇稀释剂中,NaOH和醚化剂的摩尔比为1.2、醚化反应温度为45℃、反应时间为3 h时,醚化产物的取代度达1.15.分别用甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和丙酮作醚化反应稀释剂,发现产物性能随有机稀释剂的溶度参数——氢键分量的减小而提高,其中以丙酮作为稀释剂制备出的产物取代度为1.19,透光率为98.1%,性能最优异.红外光谱分析证实棉短绒纤维素实现了阳离子化.更多还原

【Abstract】 Alkali cotton cellulose and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride(CHTAC) were respectively used as the material and the etherizing agent to prepare quaternary ammonium cationic cellulose ether,and the effects of the NaOH/CHTAC molar ratio,the etherization temperature and the etherization time on the pre-paration were analyzed.Then,the structure of the product was identified by means of IR spectrography.The results show that(1) the cotton cellulose treated in 30% sodium hydroxide solution at 25 ℃ for 1h is of high water-reserving value and good reaction activity;(2) in i-propanol medium with a NaOH/CHTAC molar ratio of 1.2,cationic cellulose ether with a degree of substitution(DS) of 1.15 can be obtained at 45 ℃ after treatment for 3 h;and(3) in the media such as methanol,ethanol,i-propanol and acetone,the performances of the product improve with the decrease of the solubility parameter δh,namely the amount of hydrogen bonds,especially in acetone which leads to high-performance product with a DS of 1.19 and a transparency of 98.1%.Moreover,the IR spectrography results show that the cationization of cotton cellulose is successfully implemented.更多还原