【摘要】 目的了解上海市嘉定区农村生活饮用水卫生现状。方法于2006年8—10月,采集嘉定区区级水厂水源水样和集中式供水采样点的管网末梢水水样。按照《生活饮用水卫生规范》(2001)对水样进行检测,按照《农村实施<生活饮用水卫生规范>准则》进行评价。2004—2005年嘉定区镇级水厂水质监测资料来源于镇级水厂档案,其水质监测结果按照GB3838—2002《地表(面)水环境质量标准》和《生活饮用水卫生规范》(2001)进行评价。并对2006年区级水厂和2004—2005年镇级水厂源水和出厂水水质进行比较、分析。结果2004—2005年镇级水厂的出厂水浑浊度、色度、铁、锰、耗氧量的不合格率分别为16.7/(5/30),3.3/(1/30),3.3/(1/30),40.0/(12/30),66.7/(20/30),其余指标均合格;2006年区级水厂出厂水所有指标均合格。2004—2005年镇级水厂出厂水中锰、耗氧量的不合格率高于2006年区级水厂,经χ2检验,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2004—2005年镇级水厂的源水中铁、锰、耗氧量、氨氮不合格率分别为32.0/(8/25),32.0/(8/25),48.0/(12/25),48.0/(12/25),其余指标均合格;2006年区级水厂的水源水铁、锰、氨氮不合格率分别为68.8/(11/16),25.0/(4/16),12.5/(2/16),其余指标均合格。改水后,水源水铁、耗氧量、氨氮的不合格率低于改水前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施生活饮用水集约化管理是嘉定区农村生活饮用水达到《农村实施〈生活饮用水卫生标准〉准则》一级期望值的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the drinking water quality in the rural areas in Jiading, Shanghai. Methods In September, 2006, the drinking water samples from water plants and tap water were collected, then the water quality was analyzed and assessed according to the related standards and regulations. Results 84.56% of the rural population drank the surface water, 15.44% drank the ground water. Among 99.85% of the centralized water supply systems, the drinking water (surface water) was treated; among 0.15%, the drinking water (ground water) was only treated by decreasing iron and manganese. Source water and treated water quality had been greatly improved. Conclusion Intensive management of drinking water is very important to ensure the drinking water quality in the rural areas.更多还原