【摘要】 目的研究四羟甲基硫酸膦(THPS)用于室内空气的效果与毒性。方法用3因素(THPS质量分数、反应温度、反应时间)4水平(THPS质量分数:0.05%,0.1%,0.5%和1%;反应温度:15、20、25、30℃;反应时间:2、4、8、16h)的正交实验探讨THPS质量分数、反应温度、反应时间对THPS效果的影响。观察质量分数为0.5%的THPS于48h内对室内空气的杀菌效果。用改良寇氏法设计,分别将大型蚤、斑马鱼、健康昆明种小鼠随机分为5个不同染毒浓度组和1个对照组(大型蚤的THPS染毒剂量:123.03、134.90、147.91、162.18、177.83mg/L;斑马鱼的THPS染毒剂量:42.66、57.54、77.62、104.71、140.90mg/L;小鼠的THPS染毒剂量:183.60、293.75、470.00、752.00、1203.20mg/kg),各类动物分别观察2、4、7d,根据观察结果计算THPS对大型蚤的48h半活动抑制浓度(48h-EC50)、对斑马鱼的96h半致死浓度(96h-LC50)、对小鼠经口染毒急性半数致死量(LD50)。结果THPS在室内空气中的最大杀菌率达86%以上,其中THPS质量分数为0.5%,反应时间为4h,反应温度为25℃时室内杀菌效果和环境影响为最佳。THPS在48h内杀菌效果保持良好,8～16h之间可达最大杀菌率。THPS对大型蚤的48h-EC50为143.61mg/L;THPS对斑马鱼的96h-LC50为84.17mg/L;THPS对健康昆明种小鼠的经口LD50为492.72mg/kg。结论THPS可以用于日常室内空气消毒,性能优良。毒性验证为实际低毒级,环境友好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the efficacy and toxicity of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate(THPS)in indoor air disinfection.Methods The orthogonal experiments were employed with three factors including concentration of THPS,temperature and time,and four levels including the concentrations of THPS,0.05%,0.1%,0.5%,1%,and the temperature,15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃,and the time,2 h,4 h,8 h,16 h.The germicidal effect of THPS with those factors was assessed.Using modified method,Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea),Brachydanio rerio,mice were randomly divided into 5 dose groups and a control respectively.For Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea),123.03 mg/L,134.90 mg/L,147.91 mg/L,162.18 mg/L and 177.83 mg/L,for Brachydanio rerio,42.66 mg/L,57.54 mg/L,77.62 mg/L,104.71 mg/L and 140.90 mg/L,for mice,183.60 mg/kg,293.75 mg/kg,470.00 mg/kg,752.00 mg/kg and 1 203.20 mg/kg.The data for 2th,4th and 7th day of treatment were collected for calculation of the 48h-EC50,the 96h-LC50 and the acute oral LD50 in Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea),Brachydanio rerio and mice.Results The maximal germicidal rate of THPS in indoor air was over 86%.At the concentration of 0.5% THPS,4 h reaction time,germicidal efficacy of THPS was optimal.The toxicity test indicated that the acute oral LD50 for mice was 492.72 mg/kg,the 48 h-EC50 for Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea)was 143.61 mg/L,the 96h-LC50 for Brachydanio rerio was 84.17mg/L.Conclusion The toxicity of THPS is low and can be used for indoor air disinfection with a good efficacy and the potential benefit for environment.更多还原