【摘要】 在对城市固体废物管理进行系统分析,以及对各种模型深入研究的基础上,提出了不确定性多目标动态优化固体废物管理模型.模型以系统成本最小和环境影响最小为目标框架,采用不确定性分析、污染损失理论,将城市固体废物管理过程中对环境产生的影响进行货币化,使环境和经济有效地统一起来,以更加客观地解决多目标问题;同时采用完整、合理的约束条件,进一步对模型进行有效补充.将该模型应用于案例城市的优化结果表明:采用该模型可使每t固体废物处置成本较原方案减少8~18元,每年最少可节约2.8×107元,大大减少了运营成本.该模型采用二次污染处理至达标排放的费用,因此可以在系统成本最小的基础上,兼顾固体废物对环境产生影响最小的目标,有效地解决了多目标解法存在的问题.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on system analysis of municipal solid waste(MSW) management and on deep study on various models,a multi-objective optimization model for MSW under uncertainty was presented.The model minimizes the overall solid waste management system cost and the environmental impact as its main objectives,applying pollution loss theory to evaluate the environmental impact,and then combine the second objective with the first one to make it more universal,thus making it more impersonally.Meanwhile,adding reasonable constrains as available supplement of the model is necessary,and an optimal solution could be found after validation.This model is applied to a city for case study,and the optimization result indicates that: compared with the original options,this model could reduce system cost by RMB 8～18 yuan per tone MSW treated,and economize the annual cost of RMB 28 million yuan.The model adopts the cost needed for up-to-standard effluent of secondary pollutants,and can thus give considerations to both minimal system cost and minimal environmental impact of the MSW.更多还原