【摘要】 美国内战后至20世纪初的西部牧区开发,虽然使曾被称为“美国大荒漠”的大平原兴起为一个疆域辽阔的“牧畜王国”,但牧区繁荣是靠掠夺性开发促成的。这种残暴的掠夺性开发造成牧区超载放牧,形成牛羊相残、农牧争地的混乱局面,甚至引发流血冲突和“牧区战争”。掠夺性开发酿成悲剧后果:它破坏了大平原的自然风貌;打破了自然界的生态平衡,导致草原沙化和沙尘暴频仍;白人拓居者对大平原的主人——印第安人施行种族灭绝政策,建立的是缺乏和谐、受垄断资本控制的白人富有者主宰的社会。更多还原

【Abstract】 “The Livestock Kingdom” was established with the exploitation of the American West Range in the Great Plains from the Post-ivil war to the early 20th century, but its prosperity was created by plundering. The savage exploitation brought about tragic consequences, such as the loss of the natural features of the Great Plains, the destruction of the ecological balance between mankind and the nature, the frequent attacks of dust storm. The white pioneers sacrificed the native Indians to establish a society dominated exclusively by the wealthy whites.更多还原