【摘要】 文章认为影响汉语批评语用策略选择的社会因素主要有:社会权力、社会距离和事情的严重程度。但三者在不同语境中所起的作用不同:社会权力、社会距离两因素决定了交际主体与对象的关系,一般社会权力的作用大于社会距离,社会权力是首要因素;当社会权力和社会距离同时起作用时,与批评场合有关,公开场合社会权力作用更大,而私下场合时社会距离的作用更大。当相对权势大的一方违反这一原则时,会被认为是有意拉大双方的社会距离,是“打官腔”、“耍派头”。事情的严重程度是批评者在考虑了前两个因素后才会考虑的第三位的因素,作用次于前二者。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the questionnaires on criticism speech act among Chinese and research of Chinese literature,social factors that affect the options of pragmatic strategies for Chinese criticism are analyzed chronically.Social factors play different roles in different contexts,which is determined by the rules guiding the Chinese relations.Generally,relations between the subject and object in communication are decided by social power and social distance,and the former enjoys greater effect whereas in China,which is a patriarchal society,social distance is more important than social power in private situations.The third factor that critics will take into consideration is how serious the matter is.更多还原