【摘要】 不同城市小区规划方案对大气环境的影响不同。本文在已建城市小区尺度气象和污染扩散模式的基础上,针对城市小区规划对气象及大气环境的影响,提出了一套以人为本的客观、科学、可操作的影响评估指标及方法,并以北京市某小区两种规划方案为例,具体评估了它们对气象及大气环境的不同影响。结果表明:由于第二种规划方案在小区中部有一条较宽的东西向道路,并且道路中绿化较多,这条道路是气流东西向流动的重要通道,道路附近风速较大、气温较低、污染较轻,并且对整个小区的气象和大气环境都有改善。由此可见,基于城市小区尺度模式,对城市小区规划对大气环境的影响进行评估是必要和可行的。本文提出的人体舒适度、行人舒适度、地面污染物浓度、最高建筑高度以下污染物浓度、建筑物表面污染物浓度及扩散能力等六项评估指标,并分别给予该6种指标的权重系数为0.2,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1及0.4,然后再加权平均的评估方法是合理可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In responese to the planning office′s demands to analyze and evaluate different layouts,based on anurban sub-domain scale meteorology and pollutant diffusion model,a set of index system and evaluating scheme of impact assessment of urban sub-domain planning on meteorology and atmospheric environment is set up.As an example,two layouts of a sub-domain in Beijing are assessed.It shows that,because there is a wide road with grass and trees in east-west direction in the second planning,the road becomes an important channel for airflow.And the wind speed around the road is bigger,air temperature is lower,pollution is weightless,so the strip domain around road is good to the improvement of meteorology and atmospheric environment in the whole sub-domain.In a word,it is available and necessary to evaluate the impact of urban sub-domain planning on meteorology and atmospheric environment. The six assessment indexes(body comfortable degree,walker comfortable degree, ground pollutant concentration,pollutant concentration below the highest building,pollutant concentration on the surface of buildings and diffusion capability) and their weighted factor 0.2,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1 and 0.4,respectively are firstly pointed out,finally the impact of urban sub-domain planning is evaluated by taking the weighted everaging.and the evaluating method of weighted average is reasonable and practical.更多还原