【摘要】 以碳纳米管(CNTs)为载体,采用化学沉淀法制备了纳米N iO/CNTs、Co3O4/CNTs复合粒子,应用TEM、SEM、XRD、EDS、BET等方法对产物形貌、结构进行了表征,并用DSC研究了纳米N iO、Co3O4、CNTs等单一粒子及纳米N iO/CNTs、Co3O4/CNTs复合粒子对AP及HTPB/AP推进剂热分解的催化作用。结果表明,纳米N iO/CNTs、Co3O4/CNTs复合粒子结晶好、包覆均匀、比表面积大。纳米N iO、Co3O4、CNTs等单一粒子和纳米N iO/CNTs、Co3O4/CNTs复合粒子均能使AP及HTPB/AP推进剂热分解的高温分解峰温降低、表观分解热增加,表现出良好的催化性能。相比而言,纳米复合粒子的催化性能均优于其相应单一组分,表现出良好的正协同作用。复合粒子中以Co3O4/CNTs复合粒子的催化效果最为显著,使AP和HTPB推进剂的高温分解峰温降低了153.06℃和60.0℃,使总表观分解热分别增加了1 163 J/g和920 J/g。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking carbon nanotubes(CNTs) as carrier,NiO/CNTs and Co3O4/CNTs composite particles were prepared by chemical deposition method.The morphology and structure of products were characterized by means of TEM,XRD,SEM,EDS and BET.The catalysis of nanometer monomer particles(NiO,Co3O4,CNTs) and nanometer composite particles(NiO/CNTs,Co3O4/CNTs) on thermal decomposition of AP and HTPB / AP propellant was investigated by DSC.The results show that NiO/CNTs and Co3O4/CNTs composite particles possess good crystal,uniform coating,and large specific surface area;nanometer monomer particles(NiO,Co3O4,CNTs) and nanometer composite particles(NiO/CNTs,Co3O4/CNTs) can make high-temperature decomposition peak value of AP and HTPB / AP propellant decrease and apparent decomposition heat increase,which indicates good catalytic performance.Catalytic performance of nanometer composite particles is superior to that of corresponding single ingredient,and they have good positive synergistic effect.The catalysis of composite particle(Co3O4/CNTs) is the most obvious.Composite particle(Co3O4/CNTs) makes high-temperature decomposition peak value of AP and HTPB propellant decrease by 153.06 ℃,60.0 ℃,and total apparent decomposition heat increase by 1 163 J/g,920 J/g respectively.更多还原