【摘要】 根据1960-1999年中国西北地区114个观测站的季、年平均气温资料,分析了气温的空间分布特征。使用EOF,REOF分析方法和小波分析方法,讨论了西北地区年平均气温异常的空间分布特征,并分析了不同区域年平均气温变化、冬半年(1月)和夏半年(7月)极端气温变化及周期变化的特点。结果表明:西北地区年平均气温异常的一致性是主要特点,也存在南北差异和高大地形与沙漠盆地、河流、草原的差异;除陕西外西北其他地区年平均气温普遍呈上升趋势;冬季极端最低气温有明显上升趋势,冬半年极端最低气温在整个气温上升趋势中起主要作用;西北地区不同区域的年平均气温变化有各自不同的周期性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,the spatial distribution characteristics and the divisions of abnormal seasonal and annual temperature change in northwest China are analyzed with the methods of EOF and REOF and wavelet analysis based on the seasonal and annual temperature data observed by 114 meteorological stations in northwest China during the period from 1960 to 1999.Moreover,the change of average annual temperature and extreme temperature in January and July and the periodical change of air temperature in the different regions in northwest China are lucubrated.The results reveal that the abnormity of annual temperature change in northwest China is consentaneous,and there is also the difference of the abnormity of annual temperature change between the south and the north and between the alpine zones,deserts,basins,drainage basins and steppes;the annual temperature trends to increasing universally in northwest China except that in Shaanxi Province;especially the extremely minimum temperature is in a significant increase trend,which plays a dominant role in temperature increase;there are the different periodicities of annual temperature change in different areas in northwest China.更多还原