【摘要】 为了在低速下获取形态可控有效减阻的通气超空泡,利用中速可持续通气空泡水洞开展了空化器参数对通气超空泡形态影响的研究。研究结果表明:空化器直径与通气超空泡的形态密切相关,在相同流场参数条件下,较大直径的空化器易于空化且在较低的通气率下即可形成较大的通气超空泡;通气超空泡的优良率与空化器直径密切相关;不易选取空化器直径与模型后体直径比值Dn/D<0.263的空化器;空化器线形同样也是一个重要的参数,例如,在相同流场参数条件下,平头倒角形空化器比圆锥形空化器形成的超空泡尺寸大,对于圆锥形空化器,锥角越小越不易产生通气超空泡。此外,还将圆盘形空化器超空泡形态的试验结果与理论结果进行了比较,其总的规律是相一致的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to get a perfect ventilated supercavity with controllable shape and reducible drag, the experiments have been done in a ventilated cavitation tunnel to study the relationship between the cavitator parameters and the ventilated supercavity shape. Experimental results showed that the cavitator diameter plays an important role on the ventilated supercavity developing. Under the same conditions of the fluid parameters, the bigger the cavitator diameter is, the easier the cavitation is and the bigger the ventilated supercavity size becomes. Fineness ratio of ventilated supercavity is closely related to cavitator diameter. The ratio of cavitator diameter to the attached body diameter Dn / D<0.263 is unfit for choice. The contour of cavitator is also an important parameter, for instance, under the same conditions of the fluid parameters the blunt reverse angle cavitator is easier to form supercavity than conic cavitator,and the conic cavitator with the smaller cone angle is much harder to form ventilated supercavity than the one with a bigger cone angle. Besides, the experimental results of disk cavitator have been compared with theoretical results in the paper, and the main patterns agree.更多还原