【摘要】 在冰点温度以下的启动问题是制约质子交换膜燃料电池产业化的技术瓶颈之一。从冷启动行为与性能衰减和恢复、低温下膜中水形态、催化层电化学性能损失、扩散层、微孔层、电极孔结构破坏等方面评述了低温操作和冷启动对燃料电池电极材料、膜电极组件和电池组性能的负面影响,并对燃料电池的冷启动解决方案和防冻措施进行了分析与评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Freeze start from subzero temperature is one of the key barriers which prevent proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) from further commercialization. The negative influences on the fuel cell materials for electrodes, membrane electrode assembly components and performance of PEMFCs resulted by subfreezing operations or cold start were summarized as aspects such as cold start behavior versus performance decay and recovery, states of water in membrane existing in subzero temperatures, electrochemical performance loss of catalyst layer, structural destruction of gas diffusion layer, microporous layer and electrode pores. The scenarios of cold start and fuel cell protection under freeze condition were analyzed and discussed.更多还原