【摘要】 以培育富硒山野菜为目标,在森林暗棕壤上进行了5种山野菜施硒试验。硒肥种类为亚硒酸钠,施硒量分别是0.066、0.222、0.666、2.222、6.666g/m2。结果表明,暗棕壤对外源亚硒酸钠态硒具有较强的吸收和保持能力,在试验剂量范围内,施入的硒经过1个生长季后仍有70%~97%保留在原施硒土层中。在土壤施硒条件下,典型暗棕壤上生长的多年生山野菜婆婆丁(Taraxacum mongolicum)、小根蒜(Alliummacrostemon)、广东菜(Mat-teuccia struthiopterls Todaro)、猴腿蕨(Athyrium multidentatum)、小叶芹(Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb)都能高量富集硒,含硒量可达对照的10~100倍以上,但不同植物富集硒的能力存在差异。从硒在土壤中的存留率、植物积累硒的数量、模式以及施用成本等方面综合考虑,大部分山野菜适宜的施硒量应在2.222g/m2以下,广东菜适宜施硒量应在0.666g/m2以下。通过试验得出,暗棕壤施用硒微肥是栽培富硒山野菜的可行途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 A series of selenium application experiments were conducted to cultivate selenium-enriched forest vegetables in the mountainous regions of northeast China.Selenium fertilizer(Na2SeO3)was added to the top 0~15 cm soil layer with a dosage gradient of 0.066,0.222,0.666,2.222 and 6.666 g/m2.Results show that typical dark brown forest soil has a high capacity of reserving selenium in the chemical form of Na2SeO3,judging from the fact that 70%~97% of the applied selenium was still retained in the top 15 cm soil layer 5 months after application.All the five experimental wild-vegetable plants,Matteuccia struthiopterls,Athyrium multidentatum,Aegopodium alpestre,Taraxacum mongolicum,Allium macrostemon,are capable of accumulating selenium excessively under the condition of strengthened soil selenium supply,with plant selenium concentrations 10～100 times higher than that of the control(CK).The reasonable application rate of selenium is less than 2.222 g/m2 for most plants,and less than 0.666 g/m2 for Matteuccia struthiopterls.It is concluded that exogenous selenium application to typical dark brown forest soil is an effective way to cultivate selenium-enriched forest vegetables.更多还原