【摘要】 用旋转滴法测定了3-十二烷氧基-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(R12TAC)水溶液与系列烷烃的动态界面张力(DIFT),考察了浓度、温度和烷烃链长对DIFT的影响,并详细表征了DIFT随时间的变化过程。根据修正的Word-Tordai方程计算了DIFT的有关参数。结果表明:R12TAC浓度越大,DIFT曲线越低,DIFT下降越快,达平衡值的时间越短;随R12TAC浓度的增大,表观扩散系数Da从2.02×10-10m-2.s-1减小到0.14×10-10m-2.s-1,吸附势垒Ea从2.60 kJ.mol-1增大到9.32 kJ.mol-1;温度升高,DIFT降低,表观扩散系数Da升高,而吸附势垒降低;固定一种表面活性剂溶液,测定R12TAC/系列烷烃溶液的动态界面张力,发现R12TAC/正己烷体系的DIFT最低,这与表面活性剂在水和油中的溶解度有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Values of dynamic interfacial tension（DIFT）of aqueous solution of 3-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride(R₁₂TAC)and alkanes were measured by spinning drop method.Impacts of concentration,temperature and the chain length of the alkanes on DIFT were examined.The profiles of DIFT vs.time were characterized in detail.Based on the extended Word-Tordai equation,the relevant parameters of DIFT were obtained by calculation.The results showed that the higher the concentration of(R₁₂TAC),the lower the position of the DIFT plot,the quicker the declining of DIFT and the less the time of achieving equilibrium.Following the increase of concentration of(R₁₂TAC),the apparent（diffusion） coefficient D_a declines from 2.02×10^-10 m^-2·s^-1 to 0.14×10^-10 m^-2·s^-1,while the（adsorption） barrier（E_a）（increases） from 2.60 kJ·mol^-1 to 9.32 kJ·mol^-1.As the temperature rises,D_a rises while E_a（decreases）.It was found that for surfactant R₁₂TAC,the DIFT of the system of the surfactant and n-hexane displays the（lowest） value.This is relative to the solubility of the surfactant in water and the alkane used.更多还原