【摘要】 在对GPS测高与水准测量理论及其异同分析的基础上,阐述了确定似大地水准面的原理与方法,分析了用数学模型法和少量GPS高程点与水准点重合,将GPS大地高直接转换为具有厘米量级正常高的实现方法。实验结合黑龙江省虎林地区的地形特点,提出了用线性内插法、平面模型法和二次曲面模型法等来转换GPS高程,证明在该地区可以通过少量且分布合理的水准点来直接求出具有厘米量级的正常高,且精度可以达到四等水准测量的精度要求,满足一般工程的需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the pertinent problems of the Hulin existing elevation systems,technical problems,such as converting ellipsoidal heights to normal heights of the region,are discussed in the present work.After systematically introducing the theories on GPS and on leveling measuring height system,as well as on their similarities and discrepancies,the principles and methods of determining quasi-geoid are explained.Then using a mathematic model,the scheme achieving height transformation with a cm-level precision by a few GPS points and leveling points is searched.Finally,an approximate solution to the quasi-geoid computation with a cm-level precision in Hulin area is proposed,based on analyzing the approaches and corresponding errors of computed normal heights in cm-level in different areas.Taking the terrain characteristics of the Hulin area in account,the approaches adapting to different surveying projects are used to realize height transform here.Proved by practice,the normal heights with a cm-level precision of this region,can be achieved by a few reasonably distributed leveling points,which can meet the demand of general surveying projects.更多还原