【摘要】 以贵州烟区气候、土壤等生态因素和烤烟外观、物理、化学及感官质量的数据资料为基础,分析了该区9大植烟区域生态条件及烟叶质量状况。结果表明,贵州烟区海拔高度差异悬殊,具有大田期气温适宜,降雨充沛,日照充足,空气相对湿度高等特点。植烟土壤pH值适宜,有机质含量丰富,具有较强的保肥能力;氮素、磷素含量适中,钾素则难以满足烟株需求;土壤交换性钙、镁比值适宜,有效硫含量较高;多数微量元素含量丰富,但有效硼和水溶性氯含量缺乏。烟叶外观质量较好,香型以中间香型和偏清香型为主,香味的亲和力好,燃烧性强,配伍性高,但物理特性和化学成分间的协调性与国外优质烟区相比尚有差距。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study is inclined to supply a scientific basis for developing high-quality flue-cured tobacco in the nine tobacco-growing areas of Guizhou province, based on our own field research, including the local climate and weather conditions, soil features, and tobacco quality information, such as the tobacco’s appearance quality, physical properties, chemical components and the sensory qualities, with 9 tobacco-growing areas in Guizhou being analyzed. The results of our investigation indicate that: (1) Guizhou tobacco-growing areas are all in the places of high altitude with stereoscopic weather differences. However, the climatic conditions, the average temperature, the natural substance precipitation, its ample sunlight and high air humidity are all favorable for tobacco growth at the different tobacco-growing stages, though its climatic factors change a bit too much with the hypsography increased gradually from east to west. (2) The soil condition in Guizhou has strong capability of storing nutrients and feasible pH value. To some extent, it can be said that the content of organic matter was rich with N and P being in the medium, but the content of K fails to meet the needs of tobacco growth. Thus, the ratio of exchangeable Ca to Mg was feasible, and available S was rich. The content of most microelements, though rich and available with B, yet is short of water souble Cl. (3) Guizhou tobacco leaf is superior in its high appearance quality, clear flavor, and good sensory or taste. But there actually exist differences in gaining its balance of physical characteristics and chemical components between Guizhou and some of the high quality tobacco-growing areas abroad. Furthermore, the chemical components and volume of aroma in tobacco leaves are more sensitive to ecological conditions than other indexes. According to the above characteristics of ecological conditions and flue-cured tobacco quality, it is more suitable to divide the Guizhou tobacco-growing areas into four main areas.更多还原