【摘要】 在HCl-CdSO4-H2O体系中,恒定溶液总离子强度为I=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.5 mol.kg-1,CdSO4在溶液中的离子强度分数恒定为yB=0.00,0.10,0.20,0.30,0.50和0.70条件下,应用经典的电动势方法,测定无液体接界电池在278.15~318.15 K温度范围内的电动势。由于体系中存在硫酸的二级解离,应用数学迭代方法确定平衡体系中氢离子的浓度,AgCl-Ag电极的标准电极电势应用Bates方法确定,根据测得电池的电动势数据计算了混合溶液中HCl的活度系数γA。结果表明,在溶液中总离子强度保持恒定时,HCl的活度系数服从Harned规则,混合物中HCl的活度系数lgγA对热力学温度T作图是一条直线。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thermodynamic properties of HCl-CdSO₄ system were studied by the emf measurement in the cell without liquid junction at constant total ionic strength I=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.5(mol·kg^-1) and y_B=0.00,0.10,0.20,0.30,0.50,0.70 at different temperatures from 278.15 to 318.15 K.Because of secondary dissociation of sulfuric acid in the system,the concentrations of hydrogen ions in equilibrium system were determined by mathematic iterative technique.The standard electrode of AgCl-Ag in the pure water was determined according to the method of Bates.The activity coefficients of HCl lgγ_A in of HCl-CdSO₄ system were determined from cell（A）.The results show that the activity coefficients of HCl in the solutions still obey Harned′s rule and lgγ_A is a linear function of the absolute temperature at constant composition of the mixture.更多还原