【摘要】 在室内采用叶碟饲养的方法,利用生命表技术研究了四螨嗪、阿维菌素、甲氰菊酯及三唑锡对山楂叶螨的亚致死效应。结果表明,在成虫期,LC10、LC25剂量的阿维菌素、甲氰菊酯及三唑锡可使成螨的产卵量显著降低,除甲氰菊酯LC10外,其余处理可使次代种群的内禀增长率(rm)由0.173降低至0.133～0.167;在若螨I期,LC10、LC25剂量的阿维菌素可使rm由0.237降低至0.197～0.199;甲氰菊酯LC10对雌螨的产卵有明显的刺激作用,rm由0.237提高到0.259,而LC25则无明显影响;在卵期,四螨嗪LC10对rm无明显影响,但LC50、LC25可使rm由0.173降低至0.149～0.154。更多还原

【Abstract】 A leaf disc bioassay was employed to investigate the demographic responses of hawthorn spider mite, Tetranychus viennensis Zacher, to the selected insecticides, clofentezine, abamectin, fenpropathrin, and azocyclotin, at three levels of sublethal concentrations. Life tables were constructed in each trial. The parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase （r_m）, finite rate of increase （λ）, the net reproduction rate （R₀）, mean generation time （T）, doubling time （Dt）, and age distribution were calculated. Exposures of adults to abamectin, fenpropathrin, and azocyclotin exhibited shortened longevity and reduced fecundity in a concentration-dependent manner. Consequently, the values of r_m in offspring of treated females deceased significantly from 0.173 in control to 0.133-0.167 in exposures of abamectin and azocyclotin, however, the value of r_m in offspring of fenpropathrin-treated females at LC 10 was equal to that of the control. Exposures of protonymphs to abamectin at the dose of LC 10 and LC 25 produced significantly deceased r_m, which dropped from 0.237 in control to 0.197-0.199, whereas the exposure of protonymphs to fenpropathrin at the dose of LC 10 yielded a significantly increased r_m as compared to the control, but no significant difference was detected between LC 25 exposure and the control. Exposures of eggs to clofentezine resulted in significantly deceased r_m at doses of LC 25 and LC 50 as compared to the control but no significant difference was found between LC 10 exposure and the control.更多还原