【摘要】 本文回顾了生态多样性空间尺度效应的研究成果,分析了生态多样性与生态系统服务功能间相互关系研究中存在的方法问题。在此基础上,以内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟的白音锡勒草地生态系统为例,运用多尺度多样性模型、香侬模型和辛普森模型对不同空间分辨率和尺度上对生态多样性及其与生态系统服务功能的关系进行了对比分析。结果表明,多尺度多样性模型模拟得到的景观元多样性严格地随着空间分辨率的降低而下降,表现出明显的规律性,说明多尺度多样性模型更适于在多个空间尺度上的运用;空间分辨率的变化对生态多样性与草地最大地上生物量和荒漠化面积之间的相互关系产生非线性影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relationship between ecological diversity and ecosystem function has been a central but contentious issue within ecology.Many specialists have discussed effects of different spatial scales on ecological diversity and relationship between ecological diversity and ecosystem functions.It was noted that relationship between ecological diversity and ecosystem function requires particular attention on various scales.Debates on relationship between ecological diversity and ecosystem functions are meaningless if the applicability of different diversity indices on various spatial scales would not be fully understood.This paper made a review of studies related to effects of different spatial resolutions on diversity calculation and the methodologies adopted in the past studies for analyzing the relationship between ecological diversity and ecosystem functions. Three diversity indices,namely Shannon diversity index,Simpson diversity index and Scaling ecological diversity index were used in this study.Taking grassland ecosystem located within the Bayin Xile grassland of Xilin Gol League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example,effects of different diversity models and spatial resolutions on the calculation of ecological diversity and its relationships with ecosystem functions are analyzed.The results show that different diversity models might come into different conclusions and spatial resolution has a great effect on the relative conclusions.The traditional diversity index such as Shannon index and Simpson index show a decreased trend generally across 20 scales,but fluctuating increasingly with grain size getting coarser.Scaling ecological diversity index decreases strictly with spatial resolution.Generally,relationships between ecological diversity and productivity is logarithmic,the coefficient increases when spatial resolution getting coarser.Relationships between ecological diversity and desertification area show a negative power curve.But curves of correlation coefficient between ecological diversity and ecosystem functions fluctuate increasingly with spatial resolution getting coarser.The influence of spatial resolution on the relationships between ecological diversity and ecosystem functions is non-linear.更多还原