【摘要】 物种栖息地经济价值评估是当今世界上生态经济学的热点和难点之一,其评估工作及其结果可以为管理决策者提供一个经济价值评价尺度,有利于提高公众对自然保护区等重要物种栖息地的保护意识。在简单评述物种栖息地价值常用评估方法的基础上,本文以盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区为例,选择并利用替代法和生态价值法等方法,在考虑物价变化和社会发展阶段水平等因素前提下,初步估算保护区作为重要物种栖息地的经济价值,结果表明,保护区建成后实际用于保护的投入共0.8076×108元,只占盐城地区人们对该项功能价值支付水平的59.6%,因此该保护区现阶段的栖息地功能价值为1.355×108元,单位面积价值为3.59×104元/km2,远低于世界平均水平(26.14×104元/km2),这说明在盐城,乃至中国这种恩格尔系数较高的发展中地区,人们对环境和自然保护的关注程度还不高。更多还原

【Abstract】 The coastal wetland of Yancheng in Jiangsu province,which is characterized by large area,entire ecotypes and complex sediment deposition process,is a very important region in the whole ecosystem due to its high biodiversity.In order to preserve the Red-crowned Cranes and other rare birds,Yancheng Red-crowned Crane National Nature Reserve was founded in 1983,which has become one of the most important resources and environment capital for human being due to its great value of ecosystem service and function.In the field of ecological economics,it is a difficult work to assess the economical value of species inhabits but also a global hotspot.This work can provide the administrators and decision makers with an economical evaluation criterion of species inhabit.It can also help people protect the reserves.In this paper, we reviewed main methods for economical value evaluation,including the market valuation method,the substitution method,the contingent valuation method and the ecological value method.We took Yancheng Nature Reserve as a case to assess the economical value of species inhabitation roughly based on the substitution method and the ecological value method with consideration of local price and socioeconomic development.The results show that,up to now,the actual investment in the reserve area that has been used for protection is(8 076)×10~4 Yuan RMB,accounting for 59.6% of the amount that the public is willing to pay for protection in Yancheng City.the value of species inhabiting area at present is 1.355×10~8 Yuan RMB with a value of 3.59×10~4 Yuan RMB per km~2,which is much lower than the average magnitude in the world(26.14×10~4 Yuan RMB per km~2).It suggests that people have not paid enough attention to the protection of environment and nature in Yancheng City even though China has a high Engel coefficient.更多还原