【摘要】 目的探讨深圳市性早熟的发病情况及影响因素,为儿童卫生保健、青春期健康教育提供依据。方法按整群抽样的方法,在深圳市五个行政区各随机抽取1~2所小学1~3年级的学生共6 333名儿童进行第二性征的检查。把筛查出年龄小于8岁、乳房处于TannerⅡ期及以上的女童;年龄小于9岁睾丸容积增大超过4 ml的男童列为性早熟组;选取性别相同、家庭条件相同、年龄相近的同班正常儿童列为对照组,对饮食营养、社会因素、生活方式等多个方面进行问卷调查。所有资料输入电脑,用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果深圳市女性性早熟的检出率为5.08%、男性性早熟的检出率为0.39%,总的检出率为1.96%。女孩乳房TannerⅡ期年龄是(9.36±0.76)岁,95%的可信限为9.28~9.43岁,乳房发育达Ⅲ期年龄为(9.77±0.65)岁,95%的可信限9.67~9.92。性早熟的女生比同龄女生肥胖,男生差异无统计学意义。问卷调查显示:性早熟组儿童在食用饮料、肉禽类、保健滋补品、用中药材煲汤方面明显高于正常儿童组;性早熟组儿童看电视的时间长于对照组;有遗传病家族史的性早熟检出率高。结论性早熟应引起全社会关注,青春期性教育可从小学开始、提倡儿童营养的均衡而不是营养过剩。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To grasp the incidence and clinical manifestations of precocious puberty and provide scientific clues for health care and education among the children and adolescence. Methods By cluster sampling method,the 6 333 students of 1～3 grades coming from 5 districts of Shenzhen were selected.Breast enlargement(Tanner Ⅱ)in females under the age of 8 and testicular enlargement(more than 4 ml)in males under the age of9 were divided into the group of precocious puberty.The control group was selected from the normal children in the same class who had same gender,similar ages,and similar family background.Questionnaires including diet and nutrition,social factors,life style were administrated.The collected data was analyzed by statistic software SPSS. Results The incidence of precocious puberty in female and male students were 5.08% and 0.39%,respectively.The whole incidence was 1.96%.The age in the female who showed breast enlargement(Tanner Ⅱ)was(9.36±0.76)years’old,(with 95% CI(9.28～9.43).)The age of females who showed breast enlargement(Tanner Ⅲ)was(9.77±0.65)years’old,(95%CI(9.67～)(9.92).)Obesity incidence in female precocious puberty group was higher than control group,while in males had no satistical difference.The questionnaires indicated:1.children with precocious puberty took more drink,meat,health food,soup cooked with herbs than the normal children;2.children with precocious puberty took more time to watch television than the normal children;3.children who had family history of inherited diseases had high incidence of precocious puberty. Conclusion More attentions should be paid to precocious puberty.Sexual education should be developed in elementary school.Nutrition should be balanced and overnutrition should avoided.更多还原