【摘要】 目的明确不同水稻品种产量形成过程的固碳特性。方法测定三系杂交稻汕优63、二系杂交稻两优2186和常规稻IR64生长过程各器官干物质积累、碳含量。结果完熟期,汕优63、两优2186和IR64全株平均碳含量依次为:40.65%、41.81%和40.44%,各器官间碳含量大小为:籽粒>叶>茎>鞘>根;汕优63、两优2186和IR64的碳积累量均在黄熟期达到最大,分别达到853.68、827.61和810.13g·m-2。完熟期,汕优63、两优2186和IR64的碳积累量下降到773.17g·m-2,783.65g·m-2和767.94g·m-2,其中分配到籽粒中的比例分别为:53.23%、45.66%和47.83%,同期的释氧量依次为2061.80g·m-2、2089.73g·m-2和2047.84g·m-2,这对维持稻田生态系统的碳氧平衡起到重要作用。汕优63、两优2186和IR64在孕穗初期至齐穗期间的碳净固定量最高,依次为339.60g·m-2、369.33g·m-2和309.62g·m-2,分别占全生育期碳总固定量的43.92%,47.13%和40.31%,是水稻固碳的关键时期。3种水稻在完熟期均出现耗碳吸氧现象,汕优63吸氧量为214.69g·m-2,分别是两优2186、IR64的1.83倍和1.91倍。结论三系杂交稻汕优63在产量形成过程中具有高积累、高消耗碳的特性,其灌浆过程消耗的碳对促进其产量形成具有重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The objectve was to reveal characteristics of carbon fixation in different rice cultivars. MethodDry matter accumulation and carbon content were measured in different plant parts of three rice cultivars. These were Shanyou 63 (three-line hybrid rice), Liangyou 2186 (two-line hybrid rice) and IR64 (traditional rice). Result The carbon contents in the plants were 40.65%, 41.81% and 40.44% for Shanyou 63, Liangyou 2186 and IR64 at full mature stage, respectively. The carbon contents in different plant parts of rice were in the order of grain, leaf, culm, sheath, and root. The carbon accumulation in the three different rice cultivars peaked at yellow mature stage, with an amount of 853.68 g·m-2, 827.61 g·m-2 and 810.13 g·m-2. They then went down to 773.17 g·m-2, 783.65 g·m-2 and 767.94 g·m-2 at full mature stage. At the same time, the amounts of released oxygen were 2 061.80 g·m-2, 2 089.73 g·m-2 and 2 047.84 g·m-2. These levels were important for maintaining the balance between CO2 and O2 in the field of rice ecosystem. From early heading stage to full heading stage, the net accumulation of carbon in Shanyou 63, Liangyou 2 186 and IR 64 were 339.60 g·m-2, 369.33 g·m-2 and 309.62 g·m-2. They were the highest among the growing stages for each rice cultivar, showing 43.92%, 47.13% and 40.31% of total carbon accumulation, which was considered a key stage for rice’s carbon fixing. It also showed that all three rice cultivars used carbon accumulated at previous growing stages to further promote grain filling process. Shanyou 63 consumed oxygen 214.69 g·m-2 at full mature stage, which was 1.83 and 1.91 times higher than those of Liangyou 2186 and IR64 respectively.ConclusionThe three-line hybrid rice Shanyou 63 appeared to have higher carbon accumulation and higher carbon consumption than other rice cultivars during the process of yield formation. The consumed carbon was important to the grain filling process.更多还原