【摘要】 雷竹Phyllostachys praecox是笋用竹种。近十几年来,雷竹的早产高效栽培技术在生产上实施后,使竹笋产量大幅度上升,从而产生了可观的经济效益,但早产高效栽培技术的连年实施,暴露出了竹林退化、土壤质量下降的现象。为研究不同施肥对雷竹土壤微生物量碳的影响,在雷竹主产区布置了肥料试验,设了6个处理,即猪栏肥+化肥(处理1),菜籽饼+化肥(处理2),1/2猪栏肥+1/2化肥(处理3),纯化肥(处理4),2/3纯化肥(处理5),1/2化肥(处理6)。各处理肥料用量按氮素总投入量设定,6个处理氮素总投入量比例为2.0∶2.0∶1.0∶2.0∶1.5∶1.0。试验从2002年5月开始至2003年4月结束,全过程中共采集了5次土样,分析了土壤的微生物量碳、总有机碳及其他养分指标。结果表明,6个处理土壤微生物量碳质量分数均表现为2002年10月和12月份最高,2002年8月和2003年2月次之,2003年4月最低。从不同处理间比较来看,3个有机肥化肥混合处理(处理1,2,3)土壤微生物量碳动态全过程中始终高于对照和2个纯化肥处理(处理5,6),有机肥用量较多的处理1和处理2,土壤微生物量碳也高于用量较少的处理3。比较覆盖与不覆盖区发现,土壤微生物量碳质量分数覆盖区明显高于不覆盖区,2003年2月土壤微生物量碳覆盖区是不覆盖区的1.60倍,4月则是1.52倍。相关分析表明,土壤总有机碳与微生物量碳之间存在着显著相关;微生物量碳与土壤全氮和水解氮质量分数的相关性也达显著水平。表4参20更多还原

【Abstract】 Phyllostachys praecox,a favorite bamboo shoot species,has been widely planted in these years.The practice of surplus fertilizing and winter mulching has been conducted to gain good economic benefits.To study the effects of fertilizing and winter mulching on microbial biomass carbon(MBC)in soil,a trial with different types(manure,oil cake and mineral fertilizer)and rates of fertilizers was conducted from August2002to April2003.The first3treatments applied with both fertilizer and manure but with different rate.The highest microbial biomass carbon in soil was measured in October and December,medium one in August and February,and lowest one in April.It was always true that treatments with mixture of fertilizer and manure were detected much more MBC(P<0.05)compared with pure fertilizer treatments,and MBC in soil was increasing with augment of manure amount applied per plot.It was found that winter mulching practice enhanced MBC in soil,and the average ratios of MBC in mulching treatments to non-mulching treatments were1.60and1.52respectively in February and April.MBC in soil was significantly correlated with total organic carbon,total nitrogen and hydrolysable nitrogen(P<0.05).[Ch,4tab.20ref.]更多还原