【摘要】 跨文化研究是现代世界文明发展的新产物。进入20世纪后期,随着全球化进程的不断加速,跨文化研究已成为一个日益迫切的时代课题。跨文化研究最早是在宗教文化领域开始的,随之出现了跨文化的史学、语言学、心理学、人类学、美学、政治学、社会学、管理学、传播学,乃至教育学、医学等等领域的研究。目前国际上不少大学和研究机构都成立了专门的跨文化研究中心。一般来说,广义的跨文化研究应包括三部分内容:跨文化资源、跨文化经验和跨文化方法(或视角),这三个部分相互交织在一起。在理论上,跨文化方法的研究被视为其中的焦点和难点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cross-cultural research is one of the results of the development of modern civilization.With the acceleration of globalization,mutual encounters and clashes have influenced every person’s life more and more immediately since the later half of the 20th Century.Further more,peoples of different cultures all face the crises of the environment,ecology and spirituality brought about by modernization.Against this background,cross-cultural research becomes an important and urgent thesis for the time.Cross-cultural research started in the field of religion,followed by cross-cultural history,linguistics,psychology,anthropology,esthetics,politics,sociology,administration,communication and even education and medical science.Currently,many universities and institutions in the world have founded centers for cross-cultural research,such as ″Forum on Religion and Ecology″ led by the Harvard University Center for the Environment,Center for Cross-Cultural Research in Western Washington University,Society for Cross-Cultural Research in the Florida Institute of Technology,Centre for Cross-Cultural Research in the Australian National University,etc.According to our observations,cross-cultural research in general meaning concludes in three major parts: cross-cultural resources,cross-cultural experiences and cross-cultural approaches(perspectives),which are interwoven altogether.Firstly,there are different levels of cross-cultural resources because of the different degrees of cross-cultural awareness: cross-cultural resources in the meaning of cultural plurality and cultural pluralism,the former in the form of gathering recourses of different cultural traditions,and the later in the form of concrete figures and groups with cross-cultural practices.Secondly,cross-cultural experience has a more subjective meaning.Generally,in the research of cross-cultural experience,a cross-cultural experience is not only an object,but also an approach in research.In other words,the researcher himself must become a person with such experiences.Nowadays,students and workers as well as scholars are all interested in getting some kind of cross-cultural experience for their study,work,and life in a more cross-cultural environment.Finally,the research of cross-cultural approach is regarded as the focus of the cross-cultural research.Till today,cross-cultural approach has experienced a shift from the more external cross-cultural comparison and analysis to the more internal cross-cultural dialogues and integrations.更多还原