【摘要】 目的探讨高中一年级学生考试焦虑与个性特征和自尊水平的关系。方法应用考试焦虑量表(TAS)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和自尊量表对山东省泰安市某中学高一年级538名学生进行调查。结果考试焦虑的检出率为65.2%。有考试焦虑者EPQ的精神质因子标准分(51.60±9.66)和情绪稳定性因子标准分(51.57±10.75)显著高于无考试焦虑者(48.07±8.62和45.65±10.14),内外向个性因子标准分(50.76±11.09)显著低于无考试焦虑者(53.68±11.60);TAS总分与EPQ的精神质、情绪稳定性因子呈显著正相关,而与内外向个性因子标准分呈显著负相关;具有内向个性特征者的考试焦虑检出率(72.3%)显著高于外向个性者(53.2%),情绪不稳定者和精神质倾向明显者的考试焦虑检出率(81.4%和84.1%)高于情绪稳定者和无精神质倾向者(41.0%和57.7%)。考试焦虑者的自尊量表总分(29.12±4.41)显著低于无考试焦虑者(30.29±4.25);TAS总分与自尊量表总分呈显著负相关。结论考试焦虑与个性特征和自尊水平密切相关,内向、情绪不稳定、精神质倾向明显和自尊水平低的高中生考试焦虑检出率高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the relationship between test anxiety and personality, self-esteem in grade one senior high school students. Methods Totally 538 senior high school students of grade one were investigated by Test Anxiety Scale (TAS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Self-Esteem Scale (SES) in a Senior High School in Shandong Province. Results The prevalence of test anxiety among all the surveyed students was rated 65.2%. The Psychoticism (P) (51.60±9.66) or Neuroticism (N) (51.57±10.75) factor score of EPQ in students with test anxiety was significantly higher than that in students without test anxiety (48.07±8.62,45.65±10.14)(P<0.001), while the Extroversion or Introversion (E) score (50.76±11.09) was on the contrary (53.68±11.60)(P<0.01). The total score of TAS was significantly positively related to the P (r=0.14) and N (r=0.36) factor score and significantly negatively related to the E factor score of EPQ (r=-0.15) (P<0.001). The prevalence of test anxiety in introversive students (72.3%) was higher than that in extroversive students (53.2%)(P<0.05), and that in students with unstable emotion (81.4%) and in students with apparent psychoticism (84.1%) were also higher than that in those with stable emotion (41.0%) and in those without psychoticism (57.7%)(P<0.01). The total score of SES in students with test anxiety (29.12±4.41) was significantly lower than that in students without test anxiety (30.29±4.25)(P<0.01). The total score of TAS was significantly negatively related to the total score of SES (r=-0.23)(P<0.001). Conclusion Test anxiety should be related to the personality and self-esteem, and the prevalence of test anxiety in introversive, unstable emotional, apparent psychoticism or low self-esteem students should be higher.更多还原