【摘要】 目的研究犬正常前列腺导管系统的三维结构,探讨后尿道高压导致前列腺尿液返流(IPUR)的机理。方法利用铸型法及扫描电镜技术(SEM),依据IPUR现象,制造前列腺部尿道高压,对8只1～2岁雄性Beagle犬正常前列腺灌注丙酮和丁酮各半的混合ABS液,进行铸型初步研究。结果6例Beagle犬正常前列腺标本铸型成功,2例失败。铸型腐蚀后犬前列腺腺体表面呈小柱状微突起,剖面下腺导管主要从尿道开口处向外分支走行,每一主支导管反复分支,呈树状分支结构,Y形导管＞90%,最多为6分支形,导管末端呈囊状。主支直径(0．37±0．14)mm,长(1．14±0．04)mm。外周腺导管与尿道夹角大于其他区,分支多且管壁光滑,导管与尿流方向垂直或逆向。外周腺腺泡呈椭圆形,表面较光滑。中央腺腺泡表面粗糙,呈网孔状和火山口样凹陷。结论铸型法及SEM为研究前列腺导管系统的三维结构创造了条件,清晰显示了犬正常前列腺导管系统的立体形态、走行。从形态学角度说明IPUR易发生于外周腺,提示前列腺炎好发于外周腺,进一步证实后尿道高压可导致IPUR。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the three-dimensional structure of normal male canine prostat- ic duct and acinus system,and to study the mechanism of intraprostatic urinary reflux(IPUR)resulting from high pressure of the posterior urethra by experiment.Methods Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and corrosion casting methods,high pressure of the prostatic urethra was produced based upon IPUR in normal male canines.Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)casting solution was injected into 8 Beagle canines’normal prostates to induce intraprostatie resin solution reflux.Results Six casting molds of nor- real canine prostate specimens were obtained,and the casting failed in 2.By corrosion and casting treatment, the prostate appeared to consist of several glandular lobes.The columnar apophyses of glandular surface were observed.The most glandular ducts pointed outward from urethral peristome.Each glandular duct system was made up of many bifurcated branches from the bough as a duct tree.More than 90% of the bifurcations were Y-shaped,and 6 bifurcated branches were rarely seen.The tip of the duct was vesicular.The diameter and length of the bough were(0.37±0.14)mm and(1.14±0.04)mm,respectively.The intersectional angle of urethra and peripheral glandular duct was the biggest.Peripheral glandular duct was perpendicular or con- verse to urinary flow.Peripheral glandular aeinus appeared elliptic and velvet.The mesh-like and crater-like depressions were shown on the surface of central glandular aeinus.Ejaculatory ducts independently and branchlessly entered the urethra.Conclusions The resin corrosion casting methods combined with SEM can clearly show the three-dimensional structure of normal male canine prostatic duct and acinus system. IPUR may easily occur in the peripheral glands from the morphological view.It is suggested that prostatitis occurs more commonly in peripheral glands,confirming a fact that high pressure of the posterior urethra can induce IPUR.更多还原