【摘要】 目的了解病毒性肝炎的发病和分布情况,掌握流行规律,为进一步制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对传染病统计年报表、疫情汇编资料及疫情专题调查报告进行统计分析。结果近10年来病毒性肝炎的发病率波动在53·39/10万~16·08/10万,平均发病率为31·69/10万。甲肝发病率逐年下降,乙肝发病率也呈下降趋势,但其在肝炎病例中的构成比逐年上升。发病主要集中在每年的3~6月份,发病数占全部病例数的49·03%;各个乡镇、街道均有病例发生;发病年龄以20~49岁的青壮年为主,男性多于女性;职业分布以农民为主(33·68%),其次为学生(21·89%)、工人(14·63%)。结论接种疫苗是预防控制病毒性肝炎发病的主要措施,在青壮年、成人中开展乙肝疫苗的普遍接种是控制乙肝发病的重要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To obtain a better understanding of the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of virus hepatitis,which could provide scientific evidence for further preventive measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the related data,such as annual report of infectious diseases,aggregated data,special survey reports. Results The incidence rate of virus hepatitis has been fluctuated from 16.08 per 100 thousand to 53.39 per 100 thousand in recent ten years,averaged at 31.69 per 100 thousand.Hepatitis A has been decreased year-by-year,with similar trend to hepatitis B.However,a growing proportion of hepatitis B was seen year-by-year.The incidence rate was higher from March to June(49.03 percent of all cases).Cases could emerge in any village or street.Adolescents and young adults aged 20 to 49 were in high-risk group,with higher risk in male than female.The most popular occupational group for cases was farmer(33.68),student(21.89),and worker(14.63). Conclusion Vaccine inoculation is a major effort to control virus hepatitis.It was especially important to implement thoroughly inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine to adolescents and young adults.更多还原