【摘要】 目的了解学龄前儿童困难型气质的影响因素。方法对1150名学龄前儿童的气质类型进行评定,以筛选出的85例困难型气质儿童为研究对象,平易型气质儿童为对照,进行1∶2病例对照研究,采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归进行统计分析。结果回归分析发现学龄前儿童困难型气质的影响因素主要有出生窒息(OR=8.93)、高热史(3岁前)(OR=2.85)、母亲打骂儿童情况(OR=5.266)、父母带儿童参加社会交往活动频率(OR=0.648)和长辈对儿童教育方式的一致性(OR=2.435)等。结论学龄前儿童困难型气质受多种因素的影响,重视困难型气质儿童的早期发现,对其采取恰当的教养方式,做好围产期和儿童保健工作,有助于促进儿童健康成长。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectivesTo understand the influential factors of difficult temperament of preschoolers. MethodsThe influential factors were analyzed by conditional logistic regression analysis The cases were 85 difficult preschoolers who were identified from 1150 preschoolers and the controls were 170 easy children. ResultsThe risk factors of difficult temperament were birth asphyxia(OR=8.93), high fever before 3 years old(OR=2.85), mother’s physical abuse and scolding(OR=5.266), and inconsistent education patterns among caretakers(OR=2.435). Being brought into social intercourse activities frequently by parents would reduce the risk of difficult temperament(OR=0.648). ConclusionDifficult temperament of preschoolers is affected by many factors. Early identify difficult children and adopt suitable educational method to them, better maternal and child health care would benefit to preschoolers’ physical and mental health development.更多还原