【摘要】 在年均降水量632mm的黄土高原南部半湿润区红油土上以“9430”、“小偃6号”和“商188”为供试材料,研究了不施N和施N(90kg/hm2)条件下不同基因型冬小麦灌浆期间籽粒中N、P累积特性。结果表明,不同基因型冬小麦灌浆期间籽粒含N量呈现出“高-低-高”的时间变化趋势,而籽粒含P量基本呈直线下降趋势。不同基因型小麦籽粒最终含N量的高低与灌浆进程中籽粒含N量的高低一致,“小偃6号”籽粒含N量始终高于“商188”和“9430”。在整个灌浆期间,籽粒中N累积速率显著高于P累积速率,灌浆末期表现更为明显。籽粒N的活跃累积期与千粒重呈显著正相关,提高籽粒中N累积速率有利于增加籽粒蛋白质含量。基因型是控制籽粒中N活跃累积期和N活跃平均累积速率的主要因子,而基因型对籽粒P活跃累积期和平均累积P速率无显著影响。施N虽然对灌浆期间籽粒N、P累积参数无显著影响,但在一定程度上可以提高灌浆进程中籽粒含N量,对最终籽粒N累积具有一定的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was carried out in the south part of loess plateau with 632mm annual precipitation and three varieties of winter wheat,“9430”,“Xiaoyan No.6”,“Shang 188”were used as indicating crops to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on grain nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation during the grain-filling period.The results show that during the grain-filling period,the grain nitrogen concentration presents a “high-low-high” temporal changing pattern,but the grain phosphorus concentration declines linearly.The final grain nitrogen concentration is coincident with the grain nitrogen concentration during the grain-filling period in six treatments.“Xiaoyan No.6”grain nitrogen concentration is always higher than that of “Shang 188”and “9430”during the grain-filling period.The grain nitrogen accumulation rate is higher than that of phosphorus;especially at the end of the grain-filling period.There is a significant positive relationship between the length of active grain nitrogen accumulation period and the thousand-kernel weight.Increasing grain nitrogen accumulation rate can increase the grain protein content.Genotype has a significant effect on the active grain nitrogen accumulation period and the average nitrogen accumulation rate,but has not any significant effect on the active grain phosphorus accumulation period and the average phosphorus accumulation rate.Although nitrogen application has not any significant effect on the parameters of grain nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation during the grain-filling period,it could increase the grain nitrogen concentration at mature.更多还原