【摘要】 东北农牧交错带是典型的生态环境脆弱区,具有敏感性强、退化趋势明显等生态脆弱性特征。本文利用19862、002年两期TM/ETM影像,揭示了吉林西部16年来土地利用/覆被的时空变化规律,并依据Costanza R.等人对全球生态系统服务价值的评估方法,分析了土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明:16年来,吉林西部土地利用/覆被发生了剧烈变化,耕地、盐碱地面积大幅度增加,草地、水域和湿地的面积大幅度减少,区域生态系统服务功能出现明显的衰退,生态系统服务价值显著地减少。吉林西部生态系统服务价值由1986年的767.1亿元/a下降到2002年的624.1亿元/a,减少幅度达18.6%,年均递减速率达1.6%。16年来该区域生态环境恶化和以经济利益为目的的土地利用结构调整,给区域生态系统服务功能和可持续发展能力带来巨大负面影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Western Jilin province,located in the southwestern of Songneng plain,is a part of farming-pasture zigzag zone in Northeastern China,which is characterized by transition and vibration with either the natural condition or human activities.These,to some extent,result in instability of the model of human activities,and cause spoiledeco-environment in this region.As a result,the potential vulnerability is transformed into practical spoilage.Based on the land coverage by interpreting Landsat TM/ETM sensing images of the year 1986 and 2002,the value of ecosystem services in western Jilin province were calculated by using Costanza’s method and modifying the unit value of forest,cropland,grassland,residential land,desert and saline-alkaline land according to the real situation of ecosystem,and natural conditions there.The result shows that there were rapid increases in the amounts of cropland and saline-alkaline land and dramatic decreases in grassland,water area and wetland between 1986 and 2002.The annual value of the ecosystem services was RMB $767.1×10~8 /a in 1986,and RMB $624.1×10~8 /a in 2002.The total annual losts was RMB $143×10~8 during the past 16 years,RMB $8.9 ×10~8 per year.To conclude,the ecosystem services and functions of western Jilin province have declined in the past 16 years because the deterioration of regional eco-environment and the adjustment of land use,bringing significant harm to the local regional economy and sustainable development.更多还原