【摘要】 通过筛选31个多态性较好的微卫星标记检测了广东省狮头鹅、乌棕鹅、阳江鹅、马岗鹅4个家鹅的遗传变异。利用等位基因频率计算了各群体的遗传参数、群体间的Nei氏标准遗传距离DS和DA遗传距离,并采用邻近法(NJ)和类平均法(UMPGA)进行聚类。结果表明广东省4个家鹅群体的平均杂合度为0.652,遗传一致性较好,各品种间的遗传距离远近顺序在两种遗传距离DS和DA的结果中是完全一致的,以DA为基础得到的UPGMA和NJ的聚类结果都表明这4种鹅聚为两类,狮头鹅和乌棕鹅聚为一类,阳江鹅和马岗鹅聚为一类。同时表明以DA为基础得到的结果NJ的聚类结果更加准确。表明在应用微卫星标记分析品种的遗传多样性时,使用更多的微卫星位点,才可以获得更准确更具普遍性的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genetic variation of four native geese populations in Guangdong province(such as Shitou,Wuzong,Yangjiang and Magang)were measured by using 31 microsatellite markers. According to alleles frequencies of 31 microsatellite,polymorphic information content,average heterozygosity,anaqular genetic distances(DA) and Nei′s standard genetic distances(DS) were calculated for each breed. By using the Neighbor-joining and UPGMA methods,four dendrograms were obtained based on two types of genetic distances. The results showed that the average heterozygosity of four native goose populations was 0.652,which showed the genetic diversity in those populations should be strengthened. The orders of two types of genetic distances between them were accordant. The four populations were clustered into two groups by NJ clustering and UPGMA clustering. The NJ clustering method based on DA results was more accurate. The results showed that more microsatellite loci should be applied so as to get universal conclusions when genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationship among four goose populations were analyzed.更多还原