【摘要】 目的:了解儿童血压的自然变化规律和儿童血压的“轨迹”现象,为预防成人高血压提供预示价值。方法:采取整群抽样,1988年抽取10个地州市县6种民族3~6岁儿童8 381名,2002年在1988年基础上抽取16个地州市县12种民族3~6岁儿童15 878名进行横向血压调查,2002~2004年在横向调查基础上,选择2~5岁4个年龄组儿童作为纵向研究对象,连续追踪3年的血压变化。结果:单因素分析显示,男、女儿童血压均值均随年龄增长而增高。儿童血压与父母亲收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、儿童年龄、身高、体重、儿童体重指数(BM I)均呈正相关,并有非常显著意义(P<0.01),多元线性逐步回归分析,年龄剔除方程,固定身高体重等生长发育指标后,儿童SBP、DBP前后无明显变化。相关系数法显示:儿童期各年龄组无论SBP、DBP均呈显著正相关,并有非常显著意义(P<0.01);百分位数法显示:血压偏高发生率2002年和2004年均为11.6%,高血压发生率2003年和2004年均为6.1%,存在轨迹现象。结论:儿童时期血压随年龄上升的现象,是儿童生长发育的一个伴随现象,年龄对血压的影响不是一种必然结果,儿童血压存在“轨迹”现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To realize the blood pressure’s naturally changed regularity and the track phenomenon of children.Providing prefigurative value for preventing hypertension of adult.Methods:Adopt cluster sampling survey,8 381 children of six nations,at the age of three to six were selected from ten cities and towns in 1998 Likewise,in 2002,15 878 children of twelve nations,at the age of three to six were selected from sixteen cities and towns to accept transverse blood-pressure investigation.At the base of transverse investigation,we had vertical investigation from 2002 to 2004.Four age-groups covering 2~5 years old,as vertically researched object,had been tracked their blood pressure change for three years continuously.Results:one-way ANOVA shows that the means of blood pressure of male and female children grow up with increase of their age.The children’s blood pressure has positive correlation with children’s age 、height、weight、body mass index and the parents’ systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure.At the same time,there was significant difference(P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis and the equation of age excluded show children’s systolic and diastolic blood pressure are unchangeable when indexes of growth and development,such as height and weight,are fixed.There are significant difference and positive correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressure in children all age(P<0.01).The way of percentage of blood pressure shows from 2002 to 2004 the average incidence of hypertension is 11.6%.The incidence from 2003 to 2004 is 6.1%.The children’s blood pressure has track phenomenon.Multiple-ways ANOVA shows that the blood pressure are very stable by themselves.Conclusion:The phenomenon that the blood pressure increases with age growing exists in the stage of children.It is mainly related with children growth and accompany it.Age affects blood pressure is not necessary result and the blood pressure of children has "track" phenomenon.更多还原