【摘要】 目的体外实验观察上呼吸道局部用药对哺乳类动物呼吸道黏膜纤毛活动能力的影响。方法健康成年家兔10只,经乌拉坦静脉麻醉后取颈段气管3 cm,切成等大的气管瓣,分别入选为ATP组、庆大霉素组、呋嘛组和DMEM组。通过计算机动态图像分析系统分别观察并自动测量置于DMEM组和经上述3种药液处理的各组气管瓣的黏膜表面液流速度(velocity of mucosa superficial flow,VMSF)变化,作为评价黏膜纤毛活动能力的指标。结果兔气管黏膜的VMSF,经0.1%ATP处理后5 min下降到处理前的56%,10 min下降到38%;经0.8%庆大霉素处理后5 min下降到处理前的41%,10 min下降到25%;经0.5%呋麻滴鼻液处理后,VMSF在15 min内几乎直线下降,15 min时降到处理前的14%。结论3种药物均在短时间内引起气管黏膜纤毛活动能力明显下降,可能部分的与制剂中的辅料或防腐剂有关。所以,在生产鼻用制剂或经呼吸道给药时,要充分考虑药品本身和制剂辅料对呼吸道黏膜纤毛系统的毒性。本文建立的观察和检测兔呼吸道VMSF的方法简便、可靠,与目前常用的观察蟾蜍上颚黏膜纤毛摆动持续时间的方法比较,需时短,且更能模拟人呼吸道的生理病理状态,是研究哺乳类动物呼吸道黏膜纤毛活动能力的较好方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the in vitro effects of commonly used drugs ATP,gentamicin and furacilin-ephedrine nasal drops on the tracheal ciliary activity of mammals by topical application in the routinely used concentrations.Methods 10 healthy adult rabbits were utilized.Cervical trachea 3 cm in length was removed after each rabbit was anesthetized.Equal-sized trachea flaps were made and randomly divided into the following groups,i.e.ATP group,GM group,Ephedrine group and DMEM group.As the indicator of ciliary activities,the velocity of mucosa superficial flow(VMSF) was observed and automatically measured by means of computed dynamic image analysis,a newly developed method by ourselves.Results Compared with the pre-exposed levels,VMSF values of ATP group and GM group were decreased to 56%,38% and 41%,25% at the time points 5 minutes and 10 minutes after exposure respectively.Almost linear decrease of VMSF values was observed in ephedrine group within 15 minutes after exposure,and VMSF at the time point of 15 minutes was decreased to 14% of the pre-exposed level.Conclusion ①All the three drugs can induce remarkable decrease of the ciliary activity of rabbit trachea mucosa within a short time,which may be partially caused by the preservatives or other auxiliary materials of the clinically used drugs.Therefore,the toxic effects of the adjuvants as well as the drug bases on the ciliary activity must be equally considered when the topically drugs applied to the respiratory tract were manufactured or used.②The newly developed method for measurement of VMSF is a simple and reliable approach for the evaluation of mucociliary clearance of the mammals respiratory tract.更多还原