【摘要】 我国青藏高原分布着地球上海拔最高、数量最多、面积最大的高原湖群。据统计,仅青藏高原面积大于1.0 km2的湖泊就有1 091个,总面积约44 993.3 km2,约占全国湖泊总面积的49.4%。青藏高原湖泊不仅是青藏高原水循环的一个关键因子,也是青藏高原生态环境的重要要素,青藏高原湖泊的变化是气候变化敏感的指示器。在全球气候变暖的影响下,对气候反应敏感的冰川和冻土都在退缩和融化,青藏高原的湖泊也有明显的响应。青藏高原自然条件恶劣,交通不便,数据采集困难。卫星遥感技术是探测湖泊的先进手段,随着遥感资料的日益丰富,应用遥感手段研究湖泊变化是可取的方法。1970~2000年以来的地形图、航空相片和多时相TM卫星遥感资料,建立湖泊现代变化遥感综合分析方法,并对青藏高原南部的羊卓雍湖和沉错等湖泊的变化进行了分析。结果表明,用遥感方法研究湖泊变化是可行的;在1970~2000年期间,地处青藏高原南部的羊卓雍湖和沉错湖都呈萎缩趋势,但在1990~2000年期间有微弱的扩大趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau holds over 1000 lakes and accounts for roughly 50 % of the total lake area in China.Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau play critical roles in the water cycle and ecological and environment systems of the Plateau.A better understanding of lake variations on the Tibetan is important for evaluating climate change on Tibetan Plateau under global warming.The remote sensing technique is an efficient tool to analyze the status and variations of lakes.This study use topographic maps,aerial photographs,Landsat TM images,and compilations of other relevant data to set up one synthesis method using remote sensing,and uses the method to analyze the changes of the Yamzho and Chencuo lakes on the Plateau from 1970 to 2000.The results show using the method to study the lakes variation from 1970 to 2000 is feasible and all the Yamzho and Chencuo lakes shrunk with 6.78% and 2.6% from 1970 to 2000,but all the Yamzho and Chencuo lakes expanded with 2.92% and 0.78% in the period of 1990~2000.更多还原