【摘要】 大肠癌是发病率和死亡率都很高的常见疾病,对高危人群进行大规模的普查筛选,可以降低大肠癌的发生率和死亡率。粪便DNA突变检测是新近发展的可用作大肠癌普查的技术,与常规结肠镜检测和大便隐血实验相比,具有特异性高、灵敏度高和易于被患者接受等优点。文章阐述了粪便DNA突变检测的相关基因、肿瘤特异性DNA提取方法和检测方法等,并对其在快速筛选大肠癌中的应用进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Screening high-risk populations for colorectal cancer can lower both the incidence of and deaths from the disease. Mutation detection in fecal DNA is a new approach of screening patients for colorectal cancer. Compared with colonoscopy and fecal occult-blood test, this approach has the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity and general acceptability. This paper systematically reviewed genes associated with fecal DNA testing, methods for extracting tumor-specific DNA, and methods for detecting gene mutations. Moreover, the application of mutation detection using fecal DNA for rapid screening of colorectal cancer was briefly discussed.更多还原