【摘要】 目的评价胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种试剂盒在血吸虫病现场防治中的筛查价值。方法受检对象采取整群抽样,按照单盲试验的原则,先同时进行DDIA和ELISA血清学检测,再对血清学阳性者采用粪便尼龙绢集卵孵化法(1送1检)进行病原学检查,配对比较两种试剂盒的筛查效果和效率。结果在11个流行村配对检测12881人,ELISA阳性912例,平均阳性率为7.08%(0.84%~21.50%);DDIA阳性707例,平均阳性率为5.49%(0.44%~17.83%),ELISA法显著高于DDIA法(χ2=27.698,P<0.01);两法双阳性383例,双阴性11645例,总符合率为93.38%,检出结果呈中度一致(kappa=0.438)。两种试剂盒在未控制地区筛出的阳性数差异无显著性(χ2=3.498,P=0.061),在已控制地区筛出的阳性数ELISA明显高于DDIA(χ2=33.393,P<0.01)。在血清学阳性的885例(ELISA)和615例(DDIA)中分别查出粪孵阳性病人25例和27例,用DDIA法筛查减少粪检270人,却多查出2例粪阳病人。DDIA和ELISA法每人每日完成检测样本数分别为473份和174份,DDIA法的检测工作效率是ELISA法的2.72倍。结论两种试剂盒均可用于血吸虫病现场筛查,但DDIA试剂盒的筛查效率优于ELISA试剂盒。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the screening value of the dipstick dye immunoassay (DDIA ) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for schistosomiasis diagnosis in the field. Methods According to the principle of single-blind, the cluster samples were selected and examined by using DDIA and ELISA, and the samples of serum-positive were examined by using the stool hatching method, and the effect and efficiency of the two immuno-assays were evaluated. Results The positive samples of ELISA and DDIA were 912 and 707 respectively, and the average positive rates of ELISA and DDIA were 7.08%(0.84%-21.50%)and 5.49%(0.44%-17.83%) respectively in 12881 samples from 11 endemic villages, and the positive rate of ELISA was higher than that of DDIA (χ~2=27.698,P<0.01); the positive and negative samples of both the two methods were 383 and 11645 respectively, and the coincidence rate was 93.38%, and the consistency level of the two methods was moderate (kappa=0.438). There was no significant difference between the two methods in endemic areas (χ~2=3.498,P=0.061), but the positive rate of ELISA was higher than that of DDIA in controlled areas(χ~2=33.393,P<0.01). The positive samples of stool examination in 885 positive samples of ELISA and 615 positive samples of DDIA were 25 and 27 respectively. The DDIA and ELISA samples tested by one technician per-day were 473 and 174 respectively, the work efficiency of DDIA was 2.72 times as high as that of ELISA. Conclusions The two immuno-assays for diagnosis of schistosomiaisis can be used in the field for screening. However, the effect and efficiency of DDIA was better than those of ELISA.更多还原