【摘要】 以结构式访谈的方法考察了173名4~6岁儿童对梦的起因和可控性的理解。结果表明:(1)4~6岁儿童对梦的起因的理解接近成人的水平,他们认为具有与某事物相关经验和知识的人更有可能梦到该事物,而4~6岁儿童在偏好如何影响梦的理解上与成人不同。(2)与4~5岁儿童比,有更多的6岁儿童认为梦具有弥补没有实现愿望的功能,但未达到成人的水平。(3)4~6岁儿童还不能理解梦是不可控的,表现在他们没有认识到做梦是一个不受意识控制的过程,并认为个体的意愿能够控制做梦。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of this study was to reveal preschool children’s understanding of the origins and controllability of dreams.173 children aged 4,5,6 were interviewed and the results showed:(1) Preschool children understood the roles of experience,knowledge in the origins of dream as adults did,but it’s not available for preference.(2) Frequency of participants who realized dreamers’ unsatisfied desires could influence their dreams in 6-year-olds(about 43%) was larger than that of 4- to 5-year-olds(about 20%),and smaller than that of adults(about 73%).(3) Preschool children didn’t understand that dreaming could not be controlled;they didn’t realize dreaming was an unconscious process,and approximately 80% of them believed that individuals’ desires could control their dreams.更多还原