【摘要】 目的了解北京市房山区中小学生的营养状况和变化特点,为制定相应的干预策略和措施提供依据。方法收集房山区6所中小学39 719名学生1998-2004年健康检查卡,对其中有关的营养状况资料采用身高标准体重法进行分析,并评价中小学生营养不良与低体重和肥胖发生情况。结果1998年学生营养不良与低体重检出率为6.71%,2004年检出率为13.73%,差异有统计学意义,中学生高于小学生(χ2=463.32,P<0.01),女生高于男生(χ2=130.82,P<0.01);1998年肥胖检出率为10.44%,2004年为16.61%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=59.24,P<0.01),男生显著高于女生(χ2=38.82,P<0.01)。结论房山区中小学生肥胖和营养不良与低体重同时存在并均呈增加趋势,其中女生营养不良与低体重和男生肥胖应成为防制重点。小学生肥胖应成为重点关注问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the nutritional status and the characteristics of the primary and secondary school students,and to provide evidence for the intervention measures.Methods Annual health cards of 3 9719 students in 1998-2004 were collected.The prevalence rates of malnutrition and obesity were analyzed by using the method of weight-for-height.Results The prevalence rate of malnutrition was 1.73% in 2004 and 6.71% in 1998,with statistical significance;and the rate was higher in middle school students and girls than in pupils and boys(χ~2 values were 130.82 and 38.82 respectively,both P<0.01).The prevalence rate of obesity was 10.44% in 1998 and 16.61%in 2004(χ~2=59.24,P<0.01),which was significantly higher in boys than in girls(χ~2=38.82,P<0.01).Conclusion Both the malnutrition of the girls and the obesity of the boys are the key issues of the prevention measures.更多还原