【摘要】 目的:探讨重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染流行病学的特征和相关因素,为预防控制医院感染提供依据。方法:对2002年1月~2004年12月收治的319例ICU患者进行医院感染回顾性调查。结果:ICU医院感染发生率17·24%,常见感染部位前5位的是下呼吸道感染50·91%、上呼吸道感染20·00%、泌尿道感染9·09%、胃肠道感染7·27%、血液感染5·45%;分离出病原菌29株,革兰阴性菌占62·07%;居前3位的是假单胞菌31·03%、金黄色葡萄球菌20·69%、不动杆菌17·24%;医院感染的危险因素是使用呼吸机、泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、留ICU时间长。结论:ICU医院感染发生率高;病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主;应针对相关危险因素和常见医院感染进行预防。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of nosocomial infection(NI) in Intensive Care Unit(ICU).Methods:A retrospective study was carried out to investigate the NI in ICU during the period from January,2002 to Decemember,2004.Results:The overall incidence of NI was 17.24%(55/319),the common 5 types of NI were lower respiratory tract infection(50.91%),upper respiratory tract infection(20.00%),urinary tract infection(9.09%),gastrointes-timal infection(7.27%)and blood infection(5.45%).29 strains were isolated among which the Gram-negative bacteria was 62.07%(18/29).The leading causative microorganisms were Pseudomonas(31.03%),Staphylococcus aureus(20.69%),Acinetobacter(17.24%);The risk factors for NI were as follows:respiratory ventilator,indwelling catheter,blood catheter and long ICU stay.Conclusion:The incidence rate of NI was high in ICU;The leading causative microorganisms were Gram-negative bacteria;The measures should be adopted to prevent and control NI according to the risk factors and the common types of NI.更多还原